Organisational Behavior Notes Essay Example for Free

Authoritative Behavior Notes Essay Definition * The investigation of human conduct, mentalities and execution inside authoritative setting to improve execution and contrasts. * Frameworks of speculations, techniques and standards from orders, for example, brain research, humanism, political * The authoritative Iceberg The investigation of hierarchical conduct grasps, in this way a comprehension of * The nature and reason for the association * The human component and conduct of individuals * Business methodology, authoritative procedures and the execution of work * The procedure of the board as an incorporating and co-ordinating action * Social duties and business morals * The outer condition of which the association is a piece of and * The requirement for association achievement and endurance. The Pyschological Contract * The PC is definitely not a formal composed archive that is alluded to yet a people association relationship where common desires and fulfillment of necessities are suggested. * Important to upgrade the degree of trust and collaboration. * Human cash-flow to be viewed as an obligation and an assets to be added to * Two perceptions in human conduct at work * Peter Principle * Parkinson’s law ../2 The pyschological contract: potential instances of individual and hierarchical desires Individual’s desires for the association * Provide protected and sterile working conditions. * Make each sensible exertion to give employer stability. * Attempt to give testing and fulfilling employments, and lessen distancing parts of work. * Adopy impartial human asset the board policicies and systems. * Respect the job of worker's guild authorities and staff delegates. * Consult completely with staff and permit real investment in choices which influence them. * Implement best practice in equivalent open door approaches and precedures. * Reward all staff genuinely as per their commitment and execution. * Provide sensible open doors for self-awareness and vocation movement. * Treat individuals from staff mind regard. * Demonstrate an understanding and kind mentality towards individual issues of staff. Organisation’s Expectations of the Individual * Uphold the belief system of the association and the corporate picture. * Work tirelessly in quest for hierarchical goals. * Adhere to the guidelines, policicies and techniques of the association. * Respect the sensible authority of senior individuals from staff. * Not to exploit generosity appeared by the administration. * Be receptive to the administration impact. * Demonstrate reliability, regard secrecy and not sell out places of trust. * Maintain amicable associations with work partners. * Not to manhandle authoritative offices, for example, email or web get to. * Observe sensible and worthy gauges of dress and appearance. * Show regard and solidification to clients and providers. A pyshcological contract isn't just estimated in money related worth or in return of products or administrations, it is fundamentally the trade or sharing convictions and qualities, desires and fulfillments. Commonality is the base standard of the pyshcological agreement and accord or shared comprehension is the premise of commonality. In a perfect world along these lines personal circumstance ought to be offset with normal enthusiasm for a success win course of action. In the past this implicit agreement may have inferred that representatives could expect professional stability and satisfactory awards from their manager in return for difficult work and unwaveringness. Today’s pyshological agreement might be unique, in accordance with a changed workplace that incorporates factors, for example, expanded logic, mechanical changes, and the board aproaches, for example, re-appropriating. The new pyschological agreement may spin more around an employer’s ability to help you in building up your aptitudes to request to keep up your attractiveness. The Peter Principle This is worried about the investigation of word related ineptitude and the investigation of progressive systems. In a chain of importance each representative will in general ascent to their degree of ineptitude. Workers ability in their postion are advanced and capability is each new position fits the bill for advancement to the following most elevated posotion until a place of ineptitude is reached. The rule depends on apparent inadequacy in all degrees of each progressive system political, lawful, instructive and modern and routes in whcih representatives move upwards through a pecking order and what befalls them after advancement. Dwindle recommends tow primary methods by which an individual can impact their advancement rate. â€Å"Pull and push†. * Pull is an employee’s relationship †by blood, marriage and acqaintance †with an individual over the representative in the chain of importance. * Push is some of the time showed by an irregular enthusiasm for study, professional preparing and personal growth. In little chains of importance push may have a peripheral impact in quickening advancement; in bigger progressions the impact is insignificant. Pull is consequently, liable to be more viable than Push. Parkinson’s Law A significant element of PL is that of the rising pyramid, that is â€Å"Work extends in order to occupy the time accessible for its fulfillment. There is pretty much nothing, assuming any, connection between the amount of work to be done and the quantity of staff doing it. Hidden this propensity are two proclamations; * An official needs to duplicate subordinates, not rivals * Officials make work for one another What is driving pioneers associations conduct? * The constant significance that buyers base on estimation of item and administration. * The various workforce is additionally a significant factor that drives authoritative conduct. * Consumers expect that association comprehends their necessities and produces top quality items, best case scenario value conceivable. These requests place pioneers in a tested circumstance by local and worldwide markets and rivalry. What are authoritative variables? * Organizational elements might be recognized as the hierarchical condition, structure plan * Individual attributes, bunch conduct * Overall dynamic * The change forms embraced by the association The quick energy in any industry features the significance of the pioneer to adjust the HR to the authoritative variables. Confining the Organizational conduct Authoritative conduct might be concentrated under the accompanying fundamental givers * the earth * The person in the association * Group conduct and relational impact * Organizational procedure Authoritative condition is the outer and inner condition, the lawful and political limitations, monetary, mechanical changes and advancement all affect the choices that are taken by the administration. The individual is the establishment of the association execution. This ought to along these lines feature the significance of overseeing singular conduct at any degree of the association. There are 3 significant impacts that form the individual conduct. 1. Singular attributes 2. Singular inspiration 3. Prizes Gathering conduct Gatherings may shape either deliberately by administrative choices or structure out of individual endeavors. * Formal gatherings are bunches that were deliberately made by administrative choices * Informal gatherings are bunches that structure out of normal interests and companionships that may have a negative or beneficial outcome and accordingly influence the association or individual execution. * Organizational procedures are the correspondence, the dynamic and the initiative components that the association cultivates as a feature of its way of life and which thusly affect the general execution of the individual and aggregate conduct. Variables of association process Correspondence process is the capacity of the executives to get, transmit and follow up on data. The data coordinates the inside exercises with the outside interest and data likewise incorporates inside the exercises of the association. Dynamic procedure Choices by supervisors directly affect the representatives prosperity, the organisation’s assets and the structure and usage of rules in an association. This ought to outline the significance of directors to convey, evaluate and break down the criticism of choices and practices in the association. Initiative procedure Pioneers in an association might be chiefs and non-administrators. The chief may not generally be the pioneer, yet authority abilities contribute in achieving the set objectives. A few people accept that administration styles ought to shift as indicated by the circumstance, other accept that one style of authority is compelling much of the time. Significance of adequacy * Surviving in the earth * Organization ages-it structures, creates, develops and decays Significance of the Dimension of Time Quality, profitability, proficiency, fulfillment, adaptiveness and improvement are 6 general classifications of viability measures. Every one of the classifications have a period base, short run standards †1 year, halfway 5 years, since quite a while ago run are those for which the uncertain future is relevant. Character Individual distinction and work conduct * Individual contrasts directly affect conduct on the grounds that peole who see things distinctively carry on in an unexpected way. * Individual contrasts shape organisaitional conduct and therefore, individual and organisaitional achievement. What is the ASA structure? This is the fascination choice whittling down to professions and associations. * Prospective representatives are pulled in to vocations and associations. * Organizations choose representatives based on the requirements of the association. * Attrition happens when people find that they don't have a place with the association. Contemplating singular contrasts at the work place is significant since not tending to contrasts among representatives may obstruct from accomplishing association and individual objectives. Un

Parola Island The Pink Beach of Camarines Norte free essay sample

A mystery heaven in Camarines Norte. This island have white sand, gem water and smaller than usual virgin backwoods. The serenity, the remarkable experience and straightforwardness of this island was life-changing spot in your life.No one is island yet this island is the extraordinary compared to other island Ive ever observed. (Paki right na lang). This is Calalanay Island in Jose Panganiban Camarines Norte. On the off chance that you need to get away from the truth, overlook any pressure, shock in your life, and to make another and remarkable memory it is the best spot for you.Calalanay Island is situated in Jose Panganiban Camarines Norte. A milestone dabbed by great tress and verdant grass bordered by white sand, the island offers adequate spot shade and level surfaces for any one to pitch a tent.To reachable the island its set aside some effort to go around one (1) hour to see the mystery heaven in Jose Panganiban. We will compose a custom article test on Parola Island: The Pink Beach of Camarines Norte or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page You injoy the white sand and particularly the blue-green water its methods the sea shore its to deep.There are no retreats on the island so you unquestionably need to bring your own endurance unit things and food. Youd need to bring these, if necessary.†¢ Tent, umbrella, defensive under layers, hammock†¢ Food and water containers†¢ Flashlight, light, fire making tools†¢ Sunblock or after sun moisturizer, creepy crawly repellents†¢ Your own contraptions and force bank.First you should reach Camarines Norte on the off chance that you will be originating from outside the province.By Air: The closest business air terminal is in the Naga Camarines Sur. From Manila take 40 minutes plane ride to Naga. At that point take an open van or transport to daet Camarines Norte then take another open van or transport to Jose Panganiban. You can take a tricycle to metropolitan office and request that local people get to larap port. Via land:From Manila take a transport going to Panganiban Camarines Norte it will discovered Cobao and Pasay terminal. Travel time is around 8-10 hours. Once in Panganiban search for tricycle to civil office, request that they get larap port.

How to Reward Yourself for Good Financial Behavior

How to Reward Yourself for Good Financial Behavior How to Reward Yourself for Good Financial Behavior How to Reward Yourself for Good Financial BehaviorTreating yourself after hitting a financial goal doesnt have to mean spending some of that hard-saved dough!We tend to talk about the “vegetables” of finance here on the OppLoans Financial Sense Blog. You know, articles about the stuff you should cut out of your budget, how you can stay out of debt, how to use credit cards and personal loans responsibly, and information about good financial habits in general.But life isn’t only about the vegetables! Sometimes you want some dessert, and that’s OK! How else are you supposed to reward yourself for all of the vegetables you eat?You still need to be careful, however. You don’t want your reward to wipe out all the progress you were rewarding yourself for in the first place.So what are some rewards you can give yourself for fixing your budget that won’t break your budget all over again?We spoke to the experts to find out!Create a reward space at home.If you’re the sort of perso n who enjoys drinking responsibly, you might consider a night out on the town as a reward for a week of financial discipline. But depending on what you’re drinking and what city you’re drinking it in, you could be blowing a LOT of money on reward booze. Especially because once you start drinking, your judgment can become impaired, and you might start paying less attention to your tab. After all, that’s not much fun, is it?While there are good reasons to limit drinking, if you like to celebrate by drinking responsibly, you can still do so in a much more affordable way.“If going out for a drink is one of your favorite ways to celebrate, consider creating a home bar instead,” suggested Logan Allec, CPA (@moneydoneright), owner of personal finance website Money Done Right. “You can often buy the ingredients you need to make your favorite cocktail several times at home for less than the price of a drink or two at a bar.“Invite your friends over, and ask some of them to brin g ingredients for their own favorite drink and others to bring snacks. You and your friends might even decide that this is actually more fun than going out for happy hour!”Create free rewards.Not all rewards cost money!“Really consider if the reward needs to be monetary,” offered portfolio manager Pauline Yan of Sunday Brunch Cafe (@s_b_cafe). “Are you personally motivated by getting ‘things?’ Or are you rewarded with something else? Praise? Or a day ‘off?’ A good meal?”Using vacation days, if you have them, as a reward to yourself is nothing to sneeze at! Sick days are what you should be sneezing at. Deploying vacation days strategically can make for a “free” reward.“If youve been working long hours and pulling all-nighters to get to where you are financially, it may be time to indulge in a few days off of work,” recommended Beverly Friedmann, content manager for ReviewingThis (@ReviewingThis). “You can easily reward yourself for your good financial beha vior by taking a few off days off, or a long weekend to relax, if given the opportunity.“This doesnt mean you have to splurge on a pricey trip, instead you can use the time to have a fun and rejuvenating ‘staycation.’ Spending some time with friends and family to take a much-needed and deserved break can be an excellent way to celebrate success. If youre not able to get time off of work, even taking an evening off to spend time with friends and family and watch a movie or spend a night in can be very rewarding.”That time off could also be a chance to try out future free reward possibilities.“If youve had recent work successes and your finances are in good shape, you may be tempted to splurge on pricey Groupon packages or the latest weekend spa deal you find online,” warned Friedmann. “While there is nothing wrong with the occasional indulgence, you may not want to negate all of your recent hard work.“If you have a favorite activity or hobby you enjoy, its often easy to get involved for free or at a very low cost. Local meet-up groups in your area are a great opportunity to meet new people with shared interests while trying out new hobbies. You may even want to take a trip to your local park or spend weekend hiking. Free and low-cost leisure activities are both an excellent reward for good financial behavior and a perfect way to decompress.”Keep the reward in mind as a motivator.If you work the idea of your chosen reward into your everyday budget efforts, you’ll have something to focus on besides how annoying it is to bring your own lunch every single day of the week. Or whatever budget concessions you’ve been making.I have a sunny day fund that I add to over time,” recounted Deborah Sweeney (@deborahsweeney), CEO of MyCorporation.com (@mycorporation). “Its kind of the opposite of a rainy day fund. I contribute money there that would have normally been spent on smaller, splurge purchases like lunches out, and use it to buy myself somet hing great in the future. I think focusing on saving for something in the future keeps you from spending more today. It gives you something to shoot for and focus on.If you’re the artsy type, you can even create some visual aids to help your motivation.“By using spending trackers and motivational charts, you can reward yourself for good financial behavior by seeing the fruits of your own labor and continuing to make gains over time,” advised Friedmann. “Its akin to making a gold star chart for rewards for good test scores as a kid. It may seem silly at first, but you may find it incredibly helpful.“Its useful to see your own progress in real time, and to set new goals for the future. It may be as simple as jotting down two divided columns on a piece of paper, one with financial goals and one with corresponding rewards. This way you can track your own progress and stay motivated in the long-term at the same time.”Paying off a hefty installment loan or online loan can be t edious work, requiring strict financial discipline. The easier and more enjoying to make it to track your progress, the better!Enjoy the relief of being financially secure.OK, we’re sort of ending this article with a little more vegetables. But you can have vegetables for dessert! Ever had candied yams? Yum yum!“Paying off any outstanding debts is a great way to relieve any worries and a perfect reward for good financial behavior,” suggested Friedmann. “While it may not be the same as a trip to the Bahamas, getting rid of any accrued debts can provide feelings of relief and help your credit score. Youll likely find it incredibly rewarding and any upcoming fears about receiving calls from credit agencies will be assuaged. Debt relief can be incredibly rewarding, and you wont have to worry as much about future bills piling up.”As with any indulgence, too much dessert will be a problem. But no dessert at all? Well, that’ll leave you with a bitter taste in your mouth.Buildin g better money habits is a neccessary step to achieving financial stabilityâ€"and putting expensive short-term  bad credit loans  and  no credit check loans  (like  payday loans,  cash advances, and  title loans) behind you for good. To learn more about how to build better financial habits, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:Building Your Financial Life: Budgeting for BeginnersSave More Money with These 40 Expert Tips10 Good Money Habits to Make Your Friends JealousHave Bad Credit? Here Are Two Things You Should DoDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsLogan Allec (@moneydoneright) is a CPA and owner of the personal finance website  Money Done Right.    After spending his twenties grinding it out in the corporate world and paying off over $35,000 in student loans, he dropped everything and launched  Money Done Right  in 2017.    His mission is to help e verybodyâ€"from college students to retireesâ€"make, save, and invest more money.    Logan resides in the Los Angeles area with his wife Caroline.Beverly Friedmann works as a Content Manager for the consumer website  ReviewingThis (@ReviewingThis)â€"with a background in Sales and Marketing Managementâ€"and is from New York, NY.Deborah Sweeney (@deborahsweeney) is the CEO of MyCorporation.com (@mycorporation). MyCorporation is a leader in online legal filing services for entrepreneurs and businesses, providing start-up bundles that include corporation and LLC formation, registered agent, DBA, and trademark copyright filing services. MyCorporation does all the work, making the business formation and maintenance quick and painless, so business owners can focus on what they do best.Pauline Yan is a Personal Finance Coach and an Institutional Portfolio Manager for the wealth management arm of a multinational financial institution.   After 15 years in Finance helping organizations, from Fortune 500 companies to Not-For-Profits, achieve their financial goals, she now brings her expertise to guide individual investors.   She graduated from McGill University and has earned the right to use the prestigious Chartered Financial Analyst designation as well as the Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst designation. Featured in Women who Money, WellWallet and The Globe and Mail, you can find out more at SundayBrunchCafe.com (@s_b_cafe).

Literary Elements - 970 Words

Short stories came into the literature world as brief, single sitting stories, yet containing an exclusively developed subject. A short story is packed with descriptive details that form together to grab the reader’s attention in a short amount of time. The authors indulge in rich details to create the narrative into a jaw dropping meaning story from the beginning to the ending. The author begins with constructing the story with the building blocks of literary devices. Short story authors apply the literary techniques of symbolism, irony and theme to create a meaningful connection with the reader. Authors exploit symbolism into the works of literature to create strong connections between ideas, actions or persons that intertwine to†¦show more content†¦As the fifteen years began closing in, â€Å"†¦it is all over with me: I shall be utterly ruined,† (Chekhov 100) the banker realized he was doomed because he hadn’t been expecting the lawyer to surviv e imprisoned for the fifteen years which caused his pride to increase and his fortune to decrease. Lastly, irony is seen upon when in the letter that the lawyer wrote to the banker stating, â€Å"†¦I despise wisdom and the blessings of this world. It is all worthless†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (102), the reader can see that the fifteen years of being imprison had evolved being in prison which led him to open his eyes to see what actually matters in life. Irony is the digging deeper of the obvious in a short story that perhaps changes the whole meaning of the story. Finally, theme is the repeated idea that the author weaves into the story which represents the purpose of the narrative. Anton Chekhov’s main theme in â€Å"The Bet† that is emphasized is that life is more precious than money. â€Å"To live anyhow is better than not at all,† (97) the lawyer states from the opening believes that life is too valuable for one to give up the opportunity to live. He would rather live in prison the rest of his life then to be sentenced with the death penalty. Thus, short stories have been given the honor of entering the world due to their presence and the talented authors that have done a remarkable job of using literary elements. They have gone farther than just putting words on a paper; theyShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis : Literary Elements837 Words   |  4 PagesLiterary Analysis Collection 1 Literary elements create and structure a story. They can be characters, plot, foreshadowing , mood , conflict ,setting, theme , etcetera . Most of the time you see writers using a majority of these elements in a story. They can be similar or connected throughout different stories or even the same story. They can also differ. In the stories Contents of the Dead Man’s Pocket by Jack Finney, The Trip by Laila Lalami, and Ambush by Tim O’Brien the writers compare and contrastRead MoreLiterary Elements Essays1167 Words   |  5 Pages Wiggins Honors English 10 1st Block O3/09/11 â€Å"Literary Elements of Wharton’s ‘Roman Fever’† Peter Scott Scott 1 03/09/11 Ms. Wiggins 1st Block â€Å"Literary Elements of Wharton’s ‘Roman Fever’† The short story, â€Å"Roman Fever† by Edith Wharton, reveals numerous popular literary elements. Some of the most prominent examples of literary elements are irony, symbolism, and foreshadowing. All three elements create the feel and atmosphere of the short story. They addRead MoreThe Odyssey literary elements823 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Vanshika Mullick Mr.Finken Honors English I April 3, 2014 Irony creating elements of surprise Irony is often used by authors to create an element of surprise or humor and to increase and enhance their work. Homer, author of The Odyssey, is one of the many authors who use this literary technique well. In The Odyssey, Homer has presented irony to create an element of surprise to the character and to the audience. There a lot of instances throughout The Odyssey where Odysseus is present butRead MoreLiterary Elements Of Autobiography746 Words   |  3 Pagesskip around peoples lives and detail events that occurred. They can be used as a way to teach a lesson and tell a story. In my memoir I used literary elements to show what lesson I learned. In my memoir about being quarterback for a game I used in medias res, vivid verbs, sensory details, figurative language, and dialogue. I was able to apply these elements to make my memoir more action packed and interesting story. I created an engaging memoir by using specific writing strategies to convey how oneRead MoreLiterary Elements Of The Classroom847 Words   |  4 PagesI observed a fourth grade, English Language Arts lesson titled Literary Elements. The students were to review literary elements while whole group reading the class novel. Using their writing journals students wrote about characters, the setting, the conflict and the events. After the reading, students created questions for the anchor chart to be used at a later date. Developing the questions allowed the teacher to better check for understanding. The classroom learning environment provides a teacher-centeredRead MoreLiterary Elements Of Oblivion 1430 Words   |  6 PagesHanna Mathis Professor Schnell English Composition 1302 01 December 2015 Literary Elements in â€Å"Oblivion† When hearing† Oblivion† for the first time the audience’s first interpretation may be vastly different than what the upbeat and playful rhythm may lead the listener to believe. â€Å"Oblivion†, a song written and performed by Claire Boucher a.k.a. â€Å"Grimes†, is a song with electronic beats, synth-pop tones, and almost inaudible, child-like vocals. Yet, when reading the lyrics the audience can uncoverRead MoreLiterary Elements Of The Raven1216 Words   |  5 Pages The Modern Dark Raven Literary Elements and Modernization used in, â€Å"The Raven†, is one of the most well known pieces of poetry created by Edgar Allen Poe. It was considered to be a terrifying tale back in the day when it was written (1845) but now is not really considered to be scary. Although it does not scare people as it used to The Raven is one of Edgar Allen Poe’s best work of literature. It even has been incorporated in modern day tv shows as well as has its own movie adaptation. He is wellRead MoreLiterary Elements In Macbeth1998 Words   |  8 PagesGreat authors use literary elements to develop a message. William Shakespeare’s play, â€Å"Macbeth†, tells a tale about a man who desires to rule the country of Scotland as king. With three witches that tell him his future, Macbeth realizes that his life would be better off as king, but in order to seize the throne, he has to kill the current king. After motivation from his wife to kill the king, Macbeth’s life follows a series of events and actions that eventually lead to his death. Shakespeare usesRead MoreLiterary Elements In The Necklace And The Tiger1509 Words   |  7 Pages Authors have used literary elements to alter and enhance their readers’ experiences for centuries. Short stories are often full of these literary elements, giving the author the power to control and manipulate the emotions of everyone who reads their story. Whether it is through teaching an important lesson about materialism and irony or inspiring thought provoking questions, the use of literary elements can illuminate any story. The short stories The Necklace and The Lady, or The Tiger are twoRead MoreLiterary Elements Of The Victorian Era1238 Words   |  5 Pagestheme that was present during this time period; realism and even science fiction started to appear in this age (â€Å"Victorian Literature†). As people started to use these themes in their writings, common literary elements started to change. Treasure Island and The War of the Worlds have common literary elements, such as: exciting and nerve-racking plots, various forms of symbolism, and unique writing styles by both Wells and Stevenson. When aliens crash land in England, there was not much panic. However

What Is the Origin of the Swastika

Question: What Is the Origin of the Swastika Does anyone know where the Swastika symbol originates from. Was it used in Sumeria 3000 B.C.? Was it really once considered to be the symbol of ChristHUSEY from the Ancient/Classical History Forum. Answer: The swastika is actually an ancient symbol, but its origin is hard to define. In The Swastika, Folklore, Vol. 55, No. 4 (Dec., 1944), pp. 167-168, W. G. V. Balchin says the word swastika is of Sanskrit origin and the symbol is one of good luck or a charm or a religious symbol (the last, among the Jains and Buddhists) that goes back to at least the Bronze Age. It appears in various parts of the ancient and modern world. This article mentions Christians did, indeed, consider the swastika for their symbol. In response to this forum question about the origins of the swastika, other forum members have researched the historically popular symbol now associated almost exclusively with the much-hated Nazis and Hitler. Here is the swastika lore they found. One popular notion holds that it is a very old solar symbol. Relatedly, recent scholarship with ancient Indian and Vedic documents reveals a legend concerning a mythical demonic semi-deity who was obsessed with world conquest and the destruction of subject people/races. His name is difficult to translate from Sanskrit, but its phonetic rendering into English sounds something like Putz.-Mizta Bumpy (HERRBUMPY)I just know that many symbols (as well as philosophers like Nietzsche, etc.) were misunderstood / mistreated / badly-used by Nazis. One of them was the swastika, which, I think, symbolized the four powers of nature. I think it was found in other ancient lands too, apart from Sumeria.The swastika resembles a lot the Greek cross in its symmetry, if you take out those little wings from the swastika. Thats the only connection I can find with Christianity. Of course many pre-Christian symbols were redefined and used by Christians of all times (with varying success).-APOLLODOROSThe swa stika is indeed a sun symbol from antiquity, appropriate in many themes on many occasions. Like flood legends, the swastika (in various recognizable styles) is one of many symbols found thru-out ancient civilisations having no possible contact (as we understand contact) with each other. Usually it meant the sun, in its scheme as the wheel of life. (Mayan, I believe.) It was also a popular good luck symbol. For example, it can be found on pre-1930 American New Years greeting cards.A white swastika on a black field was the flag of an American Boy Scout Troop from its founding to some point in the 1930s, when the Troop itself voted to discontinue its use, in light of the rise of the Nazi regime. The German-American Bundt (the pre-War American Nazi movement), who also used the swastika, may also have influenced their decision.The Indian and Vedic connection you mention is likely the swastikas oldest incarnation. The symbol itself may still be found as an architectural element, decorati ng sufficiently aged temples to whatever deity is involved. There is a simply fascinating documentary on the swastika, and its journey from mystic rune to fascist emblem. Unhappily, I cant recall the title.If memory serves, a particular German woman of wealth, and the upper class, made it her cause to sponsor the swastika into its position as The Emblem of the Nazi party. As often happens after wars, mysticism and spiritualism was popular thru-out post WW1 and the 1920s. She appears to have been a true believer of some kind, and felt the swastika itself had the power to lead Germany to ultimate triumph, that soldiers who fought under it would obtain super-strength, etc.-SISTERSEATTLThe swastika is (or was, depending on your WWII point of view) actually a symbol of good luck, and possibly of fertility and regeneration.I once read that several ancient cultures associated the symbol with the sun, although Im not sure of the actual details on this. The Navajo Indians also had a similar symbol - depicting their gods of the mountains, rivers, and rain.In India, the swastika is an auspicious mark - worn as jewelry or marked on objects as a symbol of good luck. The symbol, though, is extremely ancient and predates Hinduism. The Hindus associated it with the sun and wheel of birth and rebirth. It is an emblem of the Hindu god Vishnu, one of the supreme Hindu deities.hope this shed a little light....._PEENIE1Swastika has nothing to do with Christ and with Christianism. It is a Buddhist symbol for peace, as it still appears nowadays on Buddhist temples in Asia. I have seen one in a bi-lingual edition of a Taiwanese magazine. The editors felt the necessity of explaining in the English text that Swastika is a Buddhist symbol of peace, and this is why the puzzled European reader could see it in pictures showing temples.A difference however can be noticed: the orientation of the arms is clockwise in the Buddhist swastika and anti-clockwise in the one adapted by the Nazis. Un fortunately I dont know how this change occurred or its significance.- MYKK1The swastika... has nothing to do with the swastika used as the symbol in Nazi Germany. That symbol is from Nordic runes and was used in Nordic tribes pagan culture. Later it was also used by the Teutonic Knights formed in the 12th century. From this source the Nazis got a lot of their symbols, like the SS rune.-GUENTERHB

Adi Godrej Free Essays

Personal Profile Adi Godrej †¢Birth Name: Adi Burjorji Godrej †¢Common Name: Adi Godrej †¢Date of Birth: April 3, 1942 †¢Zodiac Sign: Aries †¢Sex: Male †¢Hair Color: White †¢Nationality: Indian †¢Religion: Hinduism †¢Education: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Family Adi Godrej †¢Father: Burjorji Godrej †¢Mother: Jai Godrej †¢Brother: Nadir Godrej †¢Spouse: Parmeshwar Godrej †¢Son: Pirojsha †¢Daughter: Tanya Dubash, Nisa Godrej Career Adi Godrej †¢Profession: Businessman Trivia Adi Godrej †¢. Submit View All Trivia Quotes Adi Godrej Recently Godrej Industries and our consumer division outsourced their IT architecture to HP. Each division/group works independently, and so the decisions were also independent. We will write a custom essay sample on Adi Godrej or any similar topic only for you Order Now All the same, each department has a different skill set. We wanted to benchmark and balance those. – Unknown submitted by – Vaibhav Dhiman †¢We deployed ERP more than a decade ago to connect with vendors and customers. Today, the ERP covers all modules even the HRD. We further expanded the scope in customer relationship by bringing CRM online.With eCRM, we have taken it a step forward. We refresh the technology regularly. From an MFG Pro ERP ten years ago to SAP, we have come a long way. – Unknown submitted by – Sanjeev Dhiman †¢No. I only use the email and occasionally access the internet. † I have a Blackberry Bold as a personal tool. I do not have a laptop. I work on a desktop. – Unknown submitted by – Sanjeev Dhiman †¢Very important. However, he is not a business strategist, a CEO is responsible. CIO is a part of the business strategy team, and is a part of the business decisions.It should be understood that technology does not dictate business, business dictates technology. A business should be able to leverage technology. BI is also a very important tool to understand customer behaviour. Information is collected and used well. However, technology modules cannot be the center of business. Innovation in prod – Unknown submitted by – Sandeep Sandeep Singh †¢We are in many businesses. We will continue to expand in the B2B segment, and our major areas of growth are the FMCG and property divisions.We are growing at a faster rate then the competition in the FMCG market. In the property market, there is a huge scope for all players to grow. It is a vast market with huge growth potential. – Unknown submitted by – New ID Submit View all Quotes ‘Joint ventures and strategic aliances are not necessarily forever’ Biography Adi Godrej Last Updated: Wednesday, February 13, 2002 . The Godrej products were among the first indigenously manufactured products to move entrenched overseas brands. How to cite Adi Godrej, Papers

Many people have experienced t... free essay sample

Many people have experienced tough and unimaginable events in their life that have marked them for the rest of their existence. For example, in Maya Angelous biography, we learn that she suffered many traumatic events that would result in her contributions to literature, civil rights, womens rights and the arts. Maya Angelou was born Marguerite Johnson in 1928, in St. Louis, Missouri. At a young age she finds herself and her brother being shipped back and forth from their mothers in St. Louis, to their paternal grandmothers care in Stamps Arkansas, where she has some of her first experiences of segregation(Sauders). According to Poetry for Students, in 1935 her father took Maya Angelou and her brother, back to live with their mother in St. Louis; There Ms Angelou, at the age of seven was raped by her mothers boyfriend. Her assailant was arrested,and he was subsequently released; but justice would be served in the streets where her uncles beat him to death. We will write a custom essay sample on Many people have experienced t or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Maya, however, felt responsible for his death because she had identified the man that raped her. She stopped talking as a consequence, of that terrible tragedy. She and her brother were sent back to Arkansas, where they sought the help of Ms. Flowers the towns teacher, to help Maya out of her muteness. This is where Maya, is first introduced to poetry, and is told that poetry is meant to be read aloud in order to be appreciated. She began speaking as she recited poetry out loud, and this is where she develops her love for poetry. Through poetry Maya Angelou, was able to convey her feelings, life experiences, and was able to inspire other women overcome adversity and stand triumphantly against those who wish to keep them down.Angelous personal struggles are well reflected in her poem Still I Rise, where she expresses her struggles trying to overcome a society full of prejudice and oppression, yet she was still able to rise powerful above all hardships. (Although, Maya Angelou had a hard life growing up, she still managed to prevail above racism and discrimination and became one of the greatest African-American civil rights activist as well as one of the greatest influential womens poets of our times, in her poem Still I Rise she is able to .)Thesis in progress To fully understand the theme of the poem Still I Rise, we can look further into Maya Angelous life. According to Contemporary Black Biography Maya Angelou, was raised during a period when being black in the South meant having to experience discrimination, hatefulness, oppression, and poverty. The topic of racism and slavery date back to centuries ago, a period were people of color experienced unimaginable distress and oppression. Maya Angelou, uses her feelings to convey her thoughts in a time when she felt she was being ruled over. In the first stanza Angelou is directing her writing to those who have oppressed others you may write down in history with your bitter, twisted lies(1). This is referring to the cruelty that slaves endured at the hands of their oppressors. This is a message of hope, strength and the resilience that all human beings have to overcome painful events in their life. This is a clear defiance of peoples inner strength that no matter what happens she will still rise. In the poem Still I Rise Maya Angelou, uses the literary devices such as allusions,similes, symbolism, repetition, and imagery. The tone of the poem is sometimes sarcastic and proud like taunting those who like to put down those who are trying to succeed and rise against all odds. The poem is full of emotions from love to outrage for racial injustice. Firstly, Maya Angelou, uses similes to compare herself to nature relentlessly rises above all struggles You may tread me down in the very dirt meaning [you] want to keep me down her use of the words tread and dirtIn the second stanza Angelous use of similes and imagery .In the first stanza, Angelou writes Does my sassiness upset you? Why are you beset with gloom? Cause I walk like Ive got oil wells Pumping in my living room(2). With this imagery, she is saying that even though she has been discriminated against she is still able to have that inner confidence and no one can take that from her because to her that is her richness and essence. We know that oil is hidden beneath the earth and it is a natural resource that has to be uncovered to see the value. In conclusion Still I Rise, is a poem of personal perseverance and triumph, were the resilience of human strength shows that were are able to supercede through any adversaries. The main message still resonates and its relevant in our society till this day. Especially, nowadays when racism is still very much alive in many parts of our country. This poem as it title says to rise no matter what obstacles we face in life; we cannot give in, or give our power away.

Bullying and Social Deviance Essay Example Essay Example

Bullying and Social Deviance Essay Example Paper Bullying and Social Deviance Essay Introduction The subject I have chosen resonates with me personally as I have experienced it at first hand. I besides think it is a subject that many can associate excessively. I know a batch of people have either been bullied. been the bully or witnessed it themselves. I have chosen intimidation and how it is a societal aberrance. Bullying cane be defined as the usage of power and aggression to do hurt or control another. Strong-arming itself manifest in all ages. from kids in grade school all the manner through grownup goon. I have seen it and the effects of it. no good comes from strong-arming. I besides know that while yes it can stem from some kind of favoritism it does non ever aim a certain race. sexual orientation or gender. Bullying has a immense spectrum ; those antecedently listed can be grounds why but so can your societal position. civilization or even the trade name of vesture you wear. Most of these grounds are out of anyone’s manus. people are normally born into these fortu nes no 1 chooses to be a individual of colour nor do they take their gender. contrary to what some believe. I believe personally that intimidation is the worst as you are traveling through school. You are still seeking to calculate out who you are and that last thing you need is person seeking to state you that. Besides. strong-arming today is far different because now we have the cyber kingdom to see. Everything from shopping to pass oning to people abroad can be done via the web and societal media unluckily plays a important function in our lives. Now with that said. you can literally be bullied from the comfort of your ain place which should be a safe zone. You can be a mark for many grounds. organic structure image. gender and the list goes on but the inquiry is how do we halt it? How do we forestall kids from cyber intimidation? What should the penalty of this be. if any? Bullying and Social Deviance Essay Body Paragraphs Throughout the class we learned how different theories and positions better help us research and specify the different aberrances that people demonstrate. One of those theories that goes manus and manus with intimidation is the labeling theory and that is for obvious grounds. The labeling theory is a theory in which the regulation devising and the reactions to the regulations that are being broken ( Goode. 2011. pg. 52 ) . The manner this correlates to intimidation is fundamentally with every action there is a clear and opposite reaction. An illustration of this would be person is bullied twenty-four hours in and twenty-four hours out now they want to either hurt themselves to get away the torture or the victim wants retaliation. So now we have a reaction to the action which is the intimidation. Therefore it has a snow ball consequence of another aberrant behaviour because personal injury to either party is involved. Harmonizing to the article by Douglas Vanderbilt and Marilyn August yn there are a overplus of effects from being bullied. Bullying is in fact a major job for kids. â€Å"There are chiseled hazard factors for intimidation that are single and societal. Beyond the immediate injury of sing strong-arming. victims are at high hazard of the ulterior physical and emotional disorders† ( Vanderbilt A ; Augustyn. 2010 ) . There are multiple regulations that are broken when it comes to strong-arming. basic human rights are violated. and favoritism may even take topographic point among many issues. Strong-arming leaves important injury on people as stated from the article this is both physical and emotional. The issues that can originate from this are critical and forestalling intimidation is the key. As stated in the article every bit good. there are marks of intimidation by both the bully and the victim. Acknowledging them could be immense in protecting person and possible acquiring the toughs themselves help every bit good. As we transition into the subject of intimidation and victimization the College of Family Physicians of Canada published an first-class article to reexamine the epidemiology. designation. and direction of intimidation and victimization among people in their primary scene. This article presents a reappraisal of intimidation and associated symptoms. a tool for measuring strong-arming engagement. and an overview of intercession and direction. â€Å"With an increased consciousness and apprehension of strong-arming as a wellness job. doctors can play an instrumental function in placing people involved in intimidation and supplying them with the support needed to develop healthy relationships† ( Lamb. Pepler. A ; Craig. 2009 ) If we have kids that are targeted early on in life this could hold long term effects on them so it is important they get the aid needed to develop healthy relationships. By making so we will be puting people up for success which is merely just since they were cheated from it. Althoug h non everyone that is bullied will necessitate assist it all varies on the individual themselves and the extent of the intimidation that took topographic point. By using the labeling theory we can see how such basic regulations are broken. but what is broken is besides fixable. The job needs to be addressed in order to make that. The following theory will be the functionalist theory. Functionalism adopts a consensus paradigm: Harmony is the regulation. and a break of that harmoniousness calls for stairss to restore peace and repose. ( Goode. 2011. pg. 58 ) We can analyze what made the single become a bully. This could hold stemmed from a dysfunctional household life. possibly this individual saw their parent be bullied by the other. or a parent ( s ) bullies the kids. There is a good opportunity that bullies themselves face a confusion of issues at place that cause internal hurting and choler. as a consequence they attack others. Once we have identified this disfunction and acknowl edge that there is a job we can so repair it. I believe that nine times out of 10 person doesn’t wake up and go a bully. they are taught it. Peoples are non born hating. it is something that is taught. and this peculiar wont is likely picked up at place unluckily. It has a ripple consequence. this wont is picked up at place and brought to school or the work topographic point and so on as so forth. ( Swearer. Espelage. Vaillancourt. A ; Hymel. 2010 ) This article addresses what can be done one time intimidation has occurred which is really of import. Strong-arming sometimes is non preventable and it can go on but the of import thing is one time it does what is done to rectify the issue. Making a safe work topographic point and acquisition environment is critical. Besides. saying in any clauses or work environment regulations that intimidation is non and will be tolerated. Peoples should experience safe when they are either at school or work. no 1 should hold to experience unc omfortable because this atrociousness is tolerated. This besides covers how a individual is non born a bully but created. This is a erudite behaviour. it is taught to feed on the weak and defenseless because they make easy marks. It is all a portion of the theory of strong-arming. Choose person that you know won’t put up a battle this in bend makes you experience better about yourself. superior about. If this happens in a school the kid could be threatened with detainment or even suspension. The work topographic point can hold a similar type of penalty. suspension without wage is normally adequate to halt person for being a bully. Last. the struggle theory will assist me farther explore the issue of strong-arming. In contrast to functionalism. the struggle theory sees groups with viing and colliding interesting. â€Å"they see battles between and among classs. sectors. groups. and categories in the society. with victors and also-rans ensuing from the result of these struggle s† ( Goode. 2011 pg. 58 ) . The struggle theory is likely one of the strongest out of the three to better place this issue. With the cyber realm playing such a polar function in our day-to-day modus operandi intimidation has become basically easier to make ( Sabella. Patchin. A ; Hinduja. 2013 ) . A individual can literally be bullied from their ain place. so where is the safe zone? Cyber intimidation is so much easier with all the societal media. Unfortunately this is the society we live in with smart phones and computing machines governing our societal life. The viing and clashing of people assailing one another is simple. The sad portion is aliens can leap upon the intimidation bandwagon and the following thing this victim knows they have tonss of people assailing them alternatively of one. Once this happens the victim can endure enormously. Not merely are they being attacked at school or work but at place and it is distributing like wild fire. This has a immense consequen ce on the victim’s self-esteem and as antecedently discussed this could hold long term harmful effects on them. â€Å"Previous research on traditional intimidation among striplings has found a comparatively consistent nexus between victimization and lower self-pride. while happening an inconsistent relationship between piquing and lower self-esteem† ( Patchin A ; Hinduja. 2010 ) This is why it is of import to cognize what intimidation is. how to halt it and one time person has been victimized how to acquire them proper aid. Throughout this class we learned a figure of ways to place different aberrances. We learned out to categorise them and better research them by utilizing different constructs and theories. By using the labeling. functionalist. and conflict theory I was better equipped to research intimidation and link it as a societal aberrance. Once that was established the research articles supported the thesis. Bullying is an atrocious job that causes far more ha rm than good and can take to many jobs down the route. While it is an unfortunate issue it is preventable and non a lasting job. It is of import that people feel and are non victimized one time they seek aid. I know at first hand that strong-arming can make long term jobs but with the right aid and assistance it can besides be stopped. It stops with people taking base and contending for the 1s that can non contend for themselves. Again. people are non born hating and being barbarous it is taught so if they are taught to detest they can larn how to be sort. Mentions: Sabella. R. A. . Patchin. J. W. . A ; Hinduja. S. ( 2013 ) . Cyberbullying myths and worlds. Computers in Human Behavior. 29 ( 6 ) . 2703-2711. Vanderbilt. D. ( 2010 ) . The Effects of Bullying. Pediatricss and Child Health. 315-320. Lamb. J. . Pepler. D. J. Craig. W. ( 2009 ) . Can Fam Physician. Apr 2009 ; 55 ( 4 ) : 356–360. Swearer. S. M. Espelage. D. L. . Vaillancour. T. . Hymel. S. ( 2010 ) What Can Be Done About School Bullying? . Eduational Researcher. pg 38-47 Patchin JW. Hinduja S. Cyberbullying and self-esteem. J Sch Health. 2010 ; 80: 614-621 Goode. E. ( 2011 ) . Aberrant Behavior ( 9th ed. ) . Upper Saddle River. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Bullying and Social Deviance Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Bullying and Social Deviance Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Bullying and Social Deviance Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Sad Quotes About Life

Sad Quotes About Life When the heart is burdened with grief, nothing looks bright. It is not easy to shake off the gloom. The more you try to run away from it, the more it chases you. So let us learn to face our sadness. Here are some sad quotes about life. Use them as an antidote for your depression. Flush the negativity out of your heart. Believe that life is awesome, and you have the chance to make the most of it. Theres something addictive about sadness. It is like a drug that makes you crave sadness. At the same time, you want to get away from it. The self-pity, the self-deprecation, and the selfishness keeps one wallowing in grief. It is a cocoon that keeps you aloof from the world of joy. Its time to break away from this downward spiraling thoughts. Self-pity helps no one, not even you. If you want to move on, think positive.   I can get sad, I can get frustrated, I can get scared, but I never get depressed - because theres joy in my life. Michael J. Fox For all sad words of tongue and pen, The saddest are these, It might have been. John Greenleaf Whittier Nobody deserves your tears, but whoever deserves them will not make you cry. Gabriel Garcia Marquez Every man has his secret sorrows which the world knows not; and often times we call a man cold when he is only sad. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Its easy to cry when you realize that everyone you love will reject you or die. Chuck Palahniuk Open your eyes, look within. Are you satisfied with the life youre living? Bob Marley The tragedy of life is not so much what men suffer, but rather what they miss. Thomas Carlyle Even a happy life cannot be without a measure of darkness, and the word happy would lose its meaning if it were not balanced by sadness. Carl Jung Courage and cheerfulness will not only carry you over the rough places in life, but will enable you to bring comfort and help to the weak-hearted and will console you in the sad hours. William Osler Dying seems less sad than having lived too little. Gloria Steinem Sadness flies away on the wings of time. Jean de La Fontaine Although the world is full of suffering, it is also full of the overcoming of it. Helen Keller I thought when love for you died, I should die. Its dead. Alone, most strangely, I live on. Rupert Brooke Numbing the pain for a while will make it worse when you finally feel it. J. K. Rowling Sadness flies on the wings of the morning and out of the heart of darkness comes the light. Jean Giraudoux

Contemporary issue in Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Contemporary issue in Management - Essay Example bodies and the guidelines given by social watchdogs are only a part of the process that makes corporations recognize their social responsibility since it seems that the bulk of socially responsible actions come from the need to keep a positive public image. Maintaining that image and being socially responsible is a very important contemporary issue in the management of any company. Colvin (2006) reports that companies such as GE, BP, Starbucks, Dell, Pfizer, and Apple may be loved and hated by many people for various reasons but none of these companies can afford to have their brand name or corporate image to be tarnished in any way. In fact, certain companies may use their image to create customer loyalty and brand recognition more than other methods. Others may even go to court in order to save the image of the company (Alleyne, 2005). Undoubtedly, we are living in the information age and even false rumors about a company’s suppliers maltreating their employees in China, or the company’s employees facing racial, sexual or even gender based discrimination can have really negative effects on the bottom line of the company. Even though it could be possible for a company to be respected and appreciated based on just the financial performance (Forbes, 2005), greater appreciation comes when the company displays a healthy level of social responsibilit y along with financial performance (Natural Health, 2005). Social responsibility is not simply a stance taken by the company for exceeding the given ethical responsibility of a company. In fact, it is actually a business opportunity to seek out an image that has remained for a long time exclusively in the domain of NGOs and social organizations i.e. being a ‘green’ company. While this idea sometimes implies being environmentally friendly, the total environment in which a company operates includes a lot more than making sure that the smokestacks of industry do not create more than an manageable level of pollution.

Global Leadership Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Leadership Development - Essay Example Wyman enumerates some of the traits that a global leader should possess(2007). He mentions that a global leader should foster growth on a global basis(Wyman, 2007). Moreover, it is essential that he understands the different cultures and must have language skills. Since most organizations now have offices and branches around the world, the global leader must be competent enough to deal with employees of different nationalities. They must be flexible enough to be able to relate with their employees with diverse ages, culture, behaviors, and beliefs. Wyman also stressed that global leaders must think beyond boundaries (2007). Furthermore, they must be able to manage people even if they do not deal with them face to face.Aside from understanding his employees, a global leader must also think the way his worldwide customers do. He must appreciate the needs and wants of his customers who come from various regions.The challenge surrounding the issue of finding global leaders is that some o f these leaders’ capabilities do not necessarily match â€Å"the current emerging business requirements† of their organizations(Wyman, 2007). Another key issue in global leadership development is how to fill the pipeline and identify employees who can work from a global perspective(Wyman, 2007). Organizations must develop the global leadership skills of their employees. Some developmental tools that companies may adopt are assigning them to different jobs, mentoring or coaching, offering international business travel, etc.xposing them to experiential or action learning assignments, introducing international cross-functional teams, giving short and long-term expat assignments, providing language and cross-cultural training and implementing a 360-degree feedback system (Callison, 2011). The challenge faced in this issue is that if these employees are not developed soon, there might be a shortage of leadership talent; thus, creating problems in meeting future business requirements (Wyman, 2007). The third issue confronting global leadership development is the management of the process of gathering relevant information on pote ntial leaders and making decisions on the new roles that will be given to them and the organizational support that will be provided them (Smith, 2007). According to Smith, there are three factors that will help manage the process, namely: 1) executive engagement and ownership; 2) process resonance and simplicity; and 3) the right tools (2007). The executive engagement and ownership means that all executives of the company should be supportive of the program for developing global leaders. Process resonance and simplicity suggests that talent management must be simple and must be aligned with the organizational culture. On the other hand, the right tools refer to the technology utilized in the management of data related to decisions pertaining to the future leaders. The challenge in this issue is top management’s all out support for the development of leaders within the organization. They should not be threatened by the existence of potential leaders and therefore must be willi ng to reinforce the development process of these future leaders.

The global strategy of french retailer Carrefour

The global strategy of french retailer Carrefour The last four decades has seen the French group Carrefour S.A. become Europes largest and the worlds second-largest retailer. The group presently operates the four major store format categories: hypermarkets, supermarkets, hard discount and also convenience stores. The Carrefour group presently operates more than 15,500 stores which are either company-operated or franchises. The group employs more than 475,000 people and generated sales (including VAT) of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬96.2billion approx. during 2009 (Carrefour Group, 2010, p 1-2). Carrefour was incorporated in Paris by the Fournier and Deoffrey founder families during 1959. It launched its first supermarket during 1960 near a crossroads (Carrefour in French) followed by the first Carrefour hypermarket during 1963. Thereafter, the internationalisation of Carrefour began with the Belgian foray during 1969 (Ki, 2008, p 14-19). Analysis Background Carrefours success was primarily because of its involvement in creating hypermarkets across Western Europe. Carrefour pooled the American approach to supermarkets with the discount stores format by retailing non-food products along with self-service (Jung, 2006, p 1-3). Its hypermarkets success led Carrefour to establish the groups first store in UK and Italy. Its further expansion helped to establish markets in numerous other countries for instance Greece, Turkey, Mexico, China, Malaysia, Hong Kong and Indonesia during the 1970s and the 1980s (Ki, 2008, p 14-19). A ground-breaking entrant in countries exemplified by its Brazilian investment in 1975 and the Chinese entry in 1995, Carrefour presently operates in three major European, Latin American and Asian markets. Present in 34 countries internationally, more than 57 percent of the group turnover is generated from the European markets excluding France. The group perceives strong potential for added international growth in future, principally in large national markets for example China, Indonesia, Brazil, Poland and Turkey (Carrefour Group, 2010, p 1-2). Global Strategy Within France, the group faces an extremely competitive pricing environment. Its hypermarket sales have been declining for a while because of the increasingly popular discount stores. Carrefours hypermarket comparable turnover (including petrol) for the third quarter dropped 8%, with non-food comparable turnover falling 9.5% (Stych, 2010, p 1-2). Perhaps the one way its investors will be truly satisfied is if its French hypermarket division performs better, since it contributes approximately a quarter of Carrefours global sales (Stych, 2010, p 1-2). Unlike some other global retail players like Metro (globally the 3rd. largest) which have financially independent global operations, Carrefours overseas expansion is driven by funding from the French operations. Compared to the Metro Group, Carrefours globalisation policy appears indecisive at the moment. Only time will reveal if the pressure to dispose off its Asian and Latin American businesses proves too hard to resist (Stych, 2010, p 1-2). Carrefour is keenly committed to sponsoring local economic development wherever it is operating globally. Typically, in any country that it operates in, the Carrefour group is the largest private employer. Unsurprisingly, this is true for France, where the group originates from. The same also applies to countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Greece and Italy. The group also strives to sustain local suppliers, with approximately 90 to 95% of its products sourced locally and based on the country of operations (Carrefour Group, 2010, p 1-2). Global markets priority France remains Carrefours recognised home market and also the groups key priority. The Group is taking initiative to reclaim its leadership within France. The aim is to produce growth, firstly through developing further its multi-format model, raising convergence and providing fresh momentum to its hard discount formats, followed by augmenting sales growth, price image and price competitiveness. The groups second priority includes Spain, Belgium and Italy Belgium which, including France, comprises Carrefours G4 countries. In these established European countries, suitable measures will be adopted to sustain growth (in Spain) or improve its performance in Italy and Belgium. Growth markets signify the groups third priority. It will focus its development resources for the most part on countries having stronger growth potential. The Groups progress in these regions will depend on various formats targeted at generating the customer base such as hypermarkets, cash and carry etc. (Carrefour Group, 2010, p 1-2) Successful globalisation Twelve years after incorporation, Carrefour began its internationalisation journey with its Belgian expansion. Its strategy depended on building the groups market share in each market by developing the kind of retailing most suitable to the local market and also by maximising the way the groups formats harmonised one another (ICEP, 2008, p 189-197 ). The companys self-branded products were commenced during the mid-1980s, thus highlighting Carrefours pursuit of in-store market shares. A succession of acquisitions and takeovers during the 1990s culminated in Carrefours 1999 affable takeover of Promodes, its main French competitor, thus crafting Europes largest food retailer (ICEP, 2008, p 189-197). It is seen that Carrefour is able to productively employ its capabilities and resources in creating a persistent competitive advantage with the right use of PESTEL and Ansoff Matrix methodologies to carry on catering to the unpredictable shoppers distinct and localised goods preferences and needs. The macro environment, largely represented as the PESTEL diagnostic framework, typifies the political, economic and societal factors along with the technological, environmental as also the legal factors. It assists in systematically examining and finding the impact of all these criteria on the organisations (Gray, 1999, p12) (Alfino, et al, 1998, p 17-23). The singular differentiator for Carrefours success in China has been its more ingrained adjustment to the local environment and in the appreciation of the local consumer behaviour and culture in terms of the societal and environmental factors in PESTELs framework (Gopalkrishnan, 2009, p 1-9). Further, Carrefour is more successful also because it considers China as a group of local or regional markets whereas Wal-mart considers it as a single large market; Carrefour also has decentralised sourcing and distribution unlike Wal-mart (Mahajan-Bansal, 2010, p 1). The Chinese favour fresh poultry and meat, hence local sourcing results in faster and smarter logistics rather than central sourcing of merchandise (Mahajan-Bansal, 2010, p 1). Another cause of the success of Carrefour is the decentralised organisational configuration, which permits it to continue the focus on local requirements and preferences. The corporate office in Paris is responsible for long-term strategy and policy. It also deals with financial and technical issues and offers advice when requested. It also offers intellectual capital and is responsible for new store locations and capital investments (Lal, et al, 2004, p 289-293). The Ansoff Matrix is a strategic marketing planning tool that connects a firms marketing strategy to its broad strategic direction. It presents four optional growth strategies as a matrix. These strategies look for growth through: (1) Market penetration by driving current products throughout their current market segments (2) Market development through developing new markets for current products (3) Product development through developing fresh products for its current markets and (4) Diversification through developing fresh products for fresh markets. The Ansoff Matrix was named after Igor Ansoff, its inventor and the father of strategic management and initially circulated in The Harvard business review in 1957 (Businessdictionary.com, 2010, p 1.2). Table 1: The Ansoff Matrix (Ansoff, 2010, p 1-2) The Table 1 above illustrates the four optional growth strategies (Ansoff, 2010, p 1-2). It is evident that Carrefour has successfully continued to implement the market and product diversification strategy by localizing its product and service offerings in most of the countries internationally within which it operates. It is also observed that it is able to continuously diversify into new markets based on the expertise gleaned from earlier international forays and localizing their offerings to suit the local requirements and preferences. Modes of entry The Carrefour group appears, through its choice of entry methods, to realise either the necessity or legal compulsion for a partner in nearly all international markets. Managerial control is typically sought after, and this is especially evident for Carrefour as well as for Delhaize, the Belgian retailer (Burt, et al, 2007, p 5-18). Carrefours conventional model of investment involves joint venturing and collaborating followed by either consolidation or divestment depending on whether the performance and market share grows or stagnates, states Burt (1994, p 391-410). Its merger with Promodes initiated broader variations of management control mechanisms leading to franchising and affiliation becoming more widespread than in the past. These mechanisms were actively followed in certain markets (Burt, et al, 2007, p 5-18). It is, however, noteworthy that its core hypermarket operations remain mainly a Carrefour led activity. Carrefour currently controls directly only 58 percent of the approximately 12,000 stores operating under the groups various fronts. Whilst 9 percent of its hypermarket network only is franchised, almost 93% of its convenience stores acquired from Promodes are franchised. Promodà ¨ss origins as a wholesaler are mirrored in the strength of this small store network as well as the management control mechanisms deployed (Burt, et al, 2007, p 5-18). During the subsequent few years post its Belgian expansion, it forayed into Spain and also brought the hypermarket format to Latin America during 1975. In Latin America, it adopted the self-funding model and restricted starting capital for one store and a half only. It only launched its second store once it was able to produce sufficient funds from the first stores operations. This discipline compelled Carrefour to continue experimenting at the first store until its success within the local market (Lal, et al, 2004, p 289-293). The entry and exit activities of three of the major European retail players, Carrefour, Delhaize and Ahold (Dutch), bears observation. Considering that there is a proliferation of individual markets, a possibly astonishing conclusion of the geographical mapping of businesses of these three groups is that, in none of these markets, do they compete directly (Burt, et al, 2007, p 5-18). One result of the recent reconsideration of the retailers market portfolios is the asset swops that are in effect now. Globalising retailers, including the ones that are comparatively new to globalisation have the prospect to obtain chains, stores or sites in other countries from other global retailers instead of local market operators (Burt, et al, 2007, p 5-18). Carrefours experience is that it pays to be the earliest to penetrate the foreign market and also that the entry mode should be via Greenfield operations (Lal, et al, 2004, p 289-293). But, in several foreign markets, there may not be a choice in this regard because of local market regulations and the entrant may be forced to follow a joint venture formula (Lal, et al, 2004, p 289-293). Some Countries exited Carrefour operates 42 stores in Thailand, counting 34 hypermarkets. It is the fifth largest organised food distribution retailer in Thailand with a 6% market share, à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬723m of net sales and EBITDA of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬67m for the 12 months to 30 June 2010 (Carrefour, 2010, p 1-2). Big C, Groupe Casinos subsidiary, is Thailands second largest hypermarket operator, with 69 hypermarkets generating à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 1.7bn net sales over the same period (Carrefour, 2010, p 1-2). Carrefour has recently confirmed an agreement with Big C for the divestment, after 14 years, of its operations in Thailand with the deal valued à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬868million. This valuation amounts to 120% of the net sales of the business being sold with 13.0 x EBITDA multiple. The deal is anticipated to close during the first quarter of 2011 (Carrefour, 2010, p 1-2). Carrefours strategic sale of its operations in Thailand is to enable the group to direct its resources towards the markets where it can occupy or occupies a leadership position and can get the maximum return on its capital employed. The growth prospects for its Thai operations did not permit the Group to envision a leading position either within the medium or short term (Carrefour, 2010, p 1-2). On the back of its successful retail history, Carrefour on its own ventured into South Korea, a completely unknown territory, without a local partner. Due to this reason, it was unable to understand the market. Carrefour deployed most of its top management personnel for South Koreas from France which was not appreciated by the local employees (Khan, 2010, p 7-11). The company did not localise its stores and the products were not stocked as per the requirements and inclinations of Korean consumers. Though bulk purchases were proffered at economical prices, suitable research was not conducted. They did not realise that there were only a few customers that preferred bulk purchases. As such, during April 2006, Carrefour sold its South Korean operations for approximately $1.3billion (Khan, 2010, p 7-11). Carrefours departure from Russia is rather astonishing given that its first store in the country was launched just two quarters earlier. The reason given has been the influence from the key shareholders Bernard Arnault and Colony Capital. These are the same investors pressurising Carrefour to exit its business from the Asian and Latin American markets. These businesses are forecasted to be valued anywhere from $17billion to $20billion. Their sale could shore up Carrefours underperforming share price (Stych, 2010, p 1-2). Conclusions Carrefour has successfully evolved over five decades from being the largest retail player in France to becoming the largest in Europe and the second largest globally in terms of net sales. This has resulted largely from its successful European play and the further globalisation through Latin America and Asia. Its success stems from its relentless quest for localizing its product and service offerings to fulfil the needs and preferences of its local customers in each of the countries that it ventures into. The mode of entry has largely been through the greenfield and joint venture strategies subject to the local legal requirements. The management control has been largely with the parent Carrefour. Yet, there are lessons to be learnt from unsuccessful ventures in certain countries, though the overall strategy of targeting leadership positions wherever it operates has brought success. Due to shareholder pressures to exit Latin America and Asia, it will ultimately either need to aggressively maximise its operations in those countries or redirect their resources as needed in the larger interest of all the stakeholders.

Eating Disorders Essay -- Research Health Weight Anorexia Essays

Eating Disorders   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eating disorders are devastating and harmful behavioral patterns that occur within people for numerous reasons. The three types of eating disorders I will be discussing include the three most common of the disorders: anorexia, bulimia, and compulsive over eating (known as binge eating). Though the disorders take physical damage on the body, they are not in fact physical illnesses. You cannot "catch" and eating disorder. Rather, they are mental issues that develop more frequently within females but do affect the male population somewhat as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anorexia is characterized by extremely low body weight and a distorted self body image accompanied with an intense fear of gaining weight. Extreme exercising is also commonly associated with anorexia. An anorexic may allow themselves any where from 100 to 1,000 calories a day. It is not food that turns them off however, it's the preoccupation with gaining weight. Food my in fact may be on their mind constantly. Some develop such obsessions with food that they will develop obsessions with cooking and preparing the foods… probably never even tasting them. An anorexic can lose at least 15% to as much as 60% of their normal body weight. Bulimia occurs with or without anorexia symptoms. Individuals with bulimia tend to binge eat then self induce vomiting. However, binge eating is sometimes not a component of bulimia. Individuals may eat normal amounts, and then excuse themselves to the bathroom. Another common trait is the use of laxatives, diuretics, and enemas in thoughts that it will excrete those calories. Bulimics are not necessarily underweight. Some are even over weight if not at a normal weight, and they almost always have a swollen appearance to their stomachs. Compulsive overeating is a disorder in which individuals overeat, often using food as an addictive substance. As others may turn to alcohol, drugs, or gambling to alleviate stress, compulsive overeaters turn to food. Food has many associations with comfort. Compulsive overeaters may feel empty inside, and turn to food to help them feel full. A binge can average from any where between 1,000 calories to 20,000, or even as low as 100 calories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An eating disorder can develop due to a number of reasons. It could be emotional and personality disorders, family pressures, a possible genetic tendency, not to mention... ...s the tops of finger joints.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The primary symptom of anorexia is major weight loss from excessive and continuous dieting. In women, menstruation would be infrequent or absent. The skin may be dry and covered with fine hair, and normal scalp hair may be thin. The feet and hands may be cold and sometimes swollen. The stomach is often bloated after eating. Thinking may be confused of slow, and the anorexic may have poor memory and lack of judgment. Most of all with these two disorders there is a distorted self body image involved. The anorexic or bulimic could look into a mirror and see a completely different body then their own. Any of these symptoms is a warning!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eating disorders are very scary and life threatening. Though figures say that they mostly occur with in teenage girls it could happen with any one. There is no one reason it happens either. Usually the patient with the disorder (mainly an anorexic or bulimic) will have an obsession with perfection and rituals. Though they are mental illnesses, treatment is available. Psychologically, as well as physically. If you suspect that someone you know has an eating disorder don't ignore it they are very dangerous!

Four stages of the learning cycle Essay

During our final chapter, we discussed the four stages of the learning cycle. The four stages of transformational learning are as follows: recognizing a significant problem, confronting it intensely, finding a solution, then integrating a new perspective and a new set of assumptions into ones’ life pattern. I think that a lot of times people go through life not realizing when they have a problem. Therefore, acknowledging your problem is most definitely the first step in learning from it. When you realize that there is a problem, you must confront the problem head on to find a solution. Once you have found a solution, you need to incorporate it into your life. These four stages are important in any learning experience. The transformational experience that I will use for my example is very personal. I used to be in a very abusive marriage. My marriage was damaging to me as a person, and damaging to my children because it prohibited me from making anything of myself. I would always make excuses for my lack of productivity, stating that I couldn’t do anything with my life because my husband wouldn’t let me. Finally, in 2011, I realized that I was wasting my life. The only thing that my daughter was ever going to learn from me, was how to let someone else run there life and impact her choices. We would never have had a normal life! When I realized what I was doing to myself and to my kids, I knew that I had a significant problem. I confronted the problem, and I was very intense about it. I tried marriage counseling, personal counseling, and biblical counseling. I tried talking with my ex, and I sought advice from many people whom I really believed could help. After exhausting my resources, I knew that the only logical solution was to take my children out of the abusive situation and start from scratch. I chose to go first to the police for help, and then to battered women’s shelter. The women’s shelter helped us to move away and start over. I have now been away from him for a little over two years, and I am in my first healthy relationship. By integrating my new perception, I was able to go farther in the past year than I ever did in all of the years of my former relationship. I am now a business owner, I am in school, and I am getting married to a wonderful man who loves me and my children. My children now get to grow up in a loving family and a healthy environment. I am now able to say with confidence that I am doing my best to be an example for them. This was most definitely a transformational learning experience for me. I think that in my experience the main stage that applied in my life, was the integration stage. It is often easier to recognize a problem, and even to find a solution, than it is to follow through on change. Often times the follow through is not so simple. There were numerous times during that relationship where I knew the problem, and the solution was apparent, however I didn’t believe in myself to integrate the solution it into my life. I believe that truly integrating a new perspective, and changing your assumptions is a very difficult stage to master. I am glad that I was able to make it through that final stage, and to become the person I am today. I still have a long way to go, but I am proud to be so far from who I once was.

English Grammar Definitions Complete Subject